How Tesla’s plans for ‘unsupervised FSD’ and robotaxis could run into red tape
Sock Puppet News breaks down the story: Transportation How Tesla’s plans for ‘unsupervised FSD’ and robotaxis could run into red tape Rebecca Bellan 2:42 PM PDT · October 15, 2024 During Tesla’s much-hyped robotaxi reveal event last week, CEO Elon Musk said he expects Tesla to release an “unsupervised” version of FSD, the automaker’s advanced driver assistance system, in Texas and California in 2025 on certain Model 3 and Model Y vehicles. He also said Tesla would begin production on its robotaxis – which are built without a steering wheel or pedals – by 2026 or 2027. While we’re skeptical about Musk’s ability to stick to a timeline, the rollout of both unsupervised FSD and robotaxis built without human controls brings up regulatory concerns. Let’s break this down, shall we? What does ‘unsupervised FSD’ even mean? FSD stands for “Full Self-Driving,” but the technology is not yet capable of full autonomy. However, it can perform certain automated driving tasks in cities and on highways. After being accused of false advertising for the misnomer, the company changed the branding of FSD from “FSD Beta” to “FSD Supervised” in April. This name change more accurately reflects the fact that a human driver still must remain attentive behind the wheel and take over if needed. We think “unsupervised FSD” can mean one of two things: Either a completely driverless Level 4 system, or a “hands-off, eyes-off” Level 3 system like Mercedes’s Drive Pilot or the one that General Motors is working on. (Level 4 is fully autonomous under predefined conditions, while Level 3 means a human driver must occasionally take over if the system requests it.) What are the regulatory implications of unsupervised FSD? Tesla said it plans to launch an unsupervised version of its expensive software in California and Texas next year. Musk didn’t say whether this would just be an over-the-air update, or if customers will have to shell out extra cash for the more advanced technology. Either way, Tesla could likely send software updates to Model Ys and Model 3s in Texas, where its headquarters are, next year with little regulatory oversight. Texas’s autonomous vehicle regulations basically allow companies to deploy AVs with or without a human driver present as long as the vehicle can comply with traffic and motor vehicle laws, is equipped with a recording device, is registered, and is covered by motor vehicle liability insurance. That said, in 2025, the state Legislature might have to weigh in on proposed bills that would require AV companies to notify the Texas Department of Motor Vehicles when human drivers step out, among other measures. In California, the process is not that simple, as the state’s DMV has several permits. Tesla, alongside more than 30 other companies, already has a drivered testing permit that allows it to test autonomous technology with a safety driver on public roads. A California DMV spokesperson told TechCrunch that Tesla has held this permit since 2015, and the company last reported using it in 2019. “Tesla does not have, nor has Tesla applied for, a driverless testing or deployment permit,” Chris Orrock, information officer at the CA DMV, told TechCrunch. “If Tesla plans to expand its permitted test fleet in California, Tesla would be required to identify the vehicles being tested (year, make, model, etc) and apply to add the new vehicles to their permit. They would also need to update the permit with drivers performing the tests.” A “driverless testing” permit allows companies to test their autonomous vehicles on public roads with no driver in the front seat, and a “deployment permit” allows companies to deploy the vehicles commercially, but only for non-passenger-carrying activities like food delivery. If “unsupervised FSD” means Tesla plans to release a Level 3 system next year, it would only need to acquire a deployment permit. But if it plans to roll out a Level 4 system like Waymo currently operates in several cities – which industry experts tell TechCrunch is unlikely to happen by next year – then the company would need to apply for both a driverless testing and then a deployment permit. For Tesla to get into the ride-hail business and charge passengers a fare, it would need to secure another set of permits with the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). The agency did not confirm whether or not Tesla has begun the application process. Mercedes is the only automaker with a permit to operate its Level 3 Drive Pilot system in California, but it’s under strict conditions. Vehicles equipped with the software can drive only freeways and highways (not surface streets) in the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles, Sacramento, and San Diego. They can drive only during the daytime and in sufficient weather conditions – meaning, no flooded highways or snow storms – and at a speed of 40 miles per hour. So basically, they’re going ...
Published by Rebecca Bellan on October 15, 2024 21:42